Marvin Miller, the most influential labor leader in sports history who ushered free agency into baseball, has passed away at the age of 95.
The Major League Baseball Players Association this morning confirmed Miller's death.
Miller was the MLB Players Association chief from its inception in 1966 until 1983. He successfully challenged MLB's "reserve clause" which had previously tied players to their original teams with virtually no bargaining power.
When the reserve clause was busted, it essentially opened baseball's modern era of free agency.
In a prepared statement, the MLBPA hailed Miller for "transforming the association first into a bona fide labor union then gradually into one of the strongest collective bargaining units in the United States."
AP
Marvin Miller, former executive director of the Major League Baseball Players Association, died at the age of 95.
The labor economist came to baseball through the United Steelworkers of America, and he gradually nudged players into believing they had a right to bargain for salaries and their place of employment.
Even before busting the reserve clause, Miller is credited for boosting MLB's player minimum wage from $6,000 to $10,000 in 1968. Miller also won players the right to arbitration to settle disputes, a tool he used to score the union's greatest gains.
Miller's grand slam came in 1975 when he convinced Baltimore pitcher Dave McNally and Dodgers hurler Andy Messersmith to play out their contracts and ask an arbitrator for freedom.
The ensuing ruling by arbitrator Peter Seitz set them free and ended the reserve clause.
Now all players are enjoy free agency after six years of MLB service time.
Miller agreed to the long waiting time, knowing players salaries would be driven up, if the number of available free agents on the market were kept to a relative minimum.
The players' hard-won rights often came at a terrible price to the game. Miller oversaw player strikes in 1972, 1979 and 1981, in addition to management lockouts in 1973 and 1976.
Miller was never inducted to baseball's Hall of Fame, much to the chagrin of players and union supporters.
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